Effect of Sensory Stimulation through Families’ Participation on CognitiveBehavioural Response of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injuries
Keywords:
sensory stimulation, family participation, patient with severe traumatic brain injury, cognitive-behavioral responseAbstract
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effects that sensory stimulation through families’
participation could have on the cognitive-behavioural response of patients with severe TBI.
Design: One-group quasi-experimental research with a pre-test and a post-test.
Procedure: This study was conducted on 36 patients who were admitted to the
Neurosurgical Ward of Sakon Nakhon Hospital. The patients, selected by means of
purposive sampling, received sensory stimulation of 6 faculties, namely, vision, audition,
olfaction, gustation, tactility, and kinesthesia. The sensory stimulation was integrated
with the daily standard care provided by the researcher and the patients’ family members.
The research instruments consisted of (i) a sensory stimulation manual for the researcher;
(ii) a sensory stimulation manual for family members; and (iii) the Rancho Los Amigos
Scale (RLAS). The patients’ cognitive-behavioural response (CBR) was measured
using (i) the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS); (ii) the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness
(FOUR) score; and (iii) the Revised Coma Recovery Scale (CRS-R). The data were
analysed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed-Ranks test.
Results: This study revealed that after receiving sensory stimulation through
family participation, the subjects displayed a statistically signifcant increase, by p < .001,
in their cognitive-behavioural response, the evidence being the increase in their scores
on GCS (from 7.14 ± 0.80 to 13.0 ± 1.82 [Z = -5.263, p = .000]), FOUR (from 7.33 ±
1.12 to 14.92 ± 1.56, [Z = -5.265, p = .000]), and CRS-R (from 4.47 ± 2.02 to
19.44 ± 4.06, [Z = -5.239, p = .000]), respectively.
Recommendations: It is suggested that nurses provide TBI patients with sensory
stimulation through family participation, by integrating it with daily standard care, in
order to improve and accelerate the patients’ cognitive recovery.
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