Factors Influencing Ischaemic Stroke Patients’ Medication Adherence
Keywords:
ischaemic stroke, medication adherence, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived self-effcacyAbstract
Objective: To explore the influence of ischaemic stroke patients’ perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, and self-effcacy on their medication adherence
Design: Descriptive predictive research
Methodology: The study was conducted on a sample of 149 male and female ischaemic stroke patients aged 18 years or older, who received treatment and follow-ups at a tertiary hospital. Data were collected from March to June, 2021, using a set of questionnaires comprising: 1) a demographic and health information questionnaire; 2) the Hill-bone Medication Adherence questionnaire; 3) a form for perceived susceptibility to recurrent stroke; 4) a form for perceived severity of ischaemic stroke; 5) a form for perceived barriers to medication adherence; and 6) a form for perceived self-effcacy in medication adherence. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were used to analyse the data.
Results: Most of the sample (61.1%) were males with an average age of 63.23 years (SD=8.9). Their perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and perceived self-effcacy were capable of jointly predicting 57.1% of their medication adherence (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.57). The patients’ medication adherence were influenced by their high and moderate levels of perceived susceptibility (OR = 5.05; 95% CI = 1.25, 20.39; p < .05 and OR = 4.96; 95% CI = 1.43, 17.13; p < .05, respectively), high and moderate levels of perceived severity (OR = 8.76; 95% CI = 1.55, 49.42; p < .05 and OR = 3.99; 95% CI = 1.12, 14.10; p < .05, respectively), and high level of perceived barriers (OR = 0.10; 95% CI = .02, .38; p < .05). The patients’ perceived self-effcacy, whether at a high or moderate level, had no signifcant influence on the patients’ medication adherence (OR = .52; 95% CI = .08, 3.39 and OR = .70; 95% CI = .13, 3.78; p > .05, respectively).
Recommendations: Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived barriers were identifed as signifcant factors influencing medication adherence in ischaemic stroke patients. Medical professionals are, therefore, recommended to provide patients with information on the susceptibility and severity of the disease in an effort to help them overcome any obstacles to medication adherence.
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