The Effects of a Health Belief Perception Promotion Program Using Tele-nursing on Stroke Prevention Behaviors in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60099/jtnmc.v38i04.266286Keywords:
hypertension, health belief, tele-nursing, stroke prevention behaviorsAbstract
Introduction Hypertension is a significant factor contributing to stroke. Employing tele-nursing to foster health belief perception emerges as an approach to assist patients with uncontrolled hypertension, facilitating the adoption of effective stroke prevention behaviors.
Objectives To investigate the effects of a health belief perception promotion program using tele-nursing on stroke prevention behaviors in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
Design This study utilized an experimental design with two-group pretest-posttest, applying the Health Belief Model as a conceptual framework.
Methodology The sample consisted of 30 patients with uncontrolled hypertension, selected from the outpatient hypertension clinic in a community hospital of a province in the Northeastern region. Through random sampling, patients were recruited and subsequently assigned to either the experimental or control groups, with 15 participants in each group. The experimental group received a health belief perception promotion program using tele-nursing, while the control group received a usual care. Data were collected using the Stroke Prevention Behaviors questionnaire, which demonstrated a reliability of .83. The data were analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation, Independent t-test, and Paired t-test.
Results The results revealed that following the program, the experimental group showed a mean score for stroke prevention behaviors (M = 3.51, SD = 0.54), which was significantly higher than the control group (M = 2.46, SD = 0.54, t = 7.937, p < .001) and also higher than before the program (M = 2.67, SD = 0.26, t = 5.005, p < .001). When considering each subscale, it was found that the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant higher mean scores in eating behaviors (M = 3.17, SD = 0.86), stress management (M = 3.52, SD = 1.08), using various substances (M = 4.03, SD = 0.92), and taking antihypertensive drugs (M = 4.53, SD = 0.47) compared to the control group (p < .05). There was no significant difference in the exercise behaviors between the control group (M = 1.37, SD = 1.01) and the experimental group (M = 1.90, SD = 1.25, Z = -1.383, p > .05)
Recommendation Healthcare teams should implement a health belief perception promotion program using tele-nursing within hypertension clinics to enhance health belief perception in patients with uncontrolled hypertension and continuously follow up their stroke prevention behaviors.
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