Genetic Causes of Obesity
Abstract
Nowadays, the prevalence of obesity has increased in society. Behavior, environment and genetic factors all may have a role in developing obesity. Medical genetic testing is rapidly advancing in today’s modern era, and many studies have identified variants that cause obesity in several genes. These genes may contribute to obesity by increasing hunger and food intake, especially in severe early-onset obesity. Obese patients usually have other associated phenotypes such as hormonal disorder or neurological abnormalities. These genetic causes of obesity can be classified into three categories, which are monogenic obesity, syndromic obesity and polygenic obesity. This review will focus on the first two categories. Identifying genetic causes of obesity could lead to the development of new medicines and treatments. However, effective treatments are still being investigated and are not available for clinical usage, therefore further studies are still needed.
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