คำแนะนำการดูแลการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำในผู้ป่วยผู้ใหญ่ที่นอน โรงพยาบาล พ.ศ. 2562
คำสำคัญ:
สารอาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ, โภชนาการ, แนวทางเวชปฏิบัติ, ไทย, โภชนบำบัดบทคัดย่อ
การให้โภชนบำบัดระบบทางเดินอาหาร ถือเป็นทางเลือกแรกในการส่งเสริมภาวะโภชนาการผู้ป่วยที่มีความเสี่ยง หรือมีภาวะทุพโภชนาการ แต่เนื่องจากข้อจำกัดบางอย่างทำให้ผู้ป่วยไม่สามารถให้อาหารผ่านระบบทางเดินอาหารได้ จึงจำเป็นที่ผู้ป่วยต้องได้รับอาหารผ่านทางหลอดเลือดดำ สมาคมผู้ให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำและทางเดินอาหารแห่งประเทศไทยได้รวบรวมข้อมูลการศึกษาที่เกิดขึ้นใหม่อย่างเป็นระบบ รวมทั้งความเห็นจากสหสาขาวิชาชีพ จัดทำเป็นคำแนะนำ 10 ข้อ ในการดูแลการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำในผู้ป่วยผู้ใหญ่ที่นอนโรงพยาบาล ที่มีความเหมาะสมกับบริบทของประเทศไทย เพื่อเป็นแนวทางสำหรับบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ในการพัฒนาการดูแลทางโภชนาการในประเทศไทยให้มีประสิทธิภาพ คุ้มค่า และเกิดประโยชน์สูงสุดแก่ผู้ป่วย
คำแนะนำการดูแลการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำในผู้ป่วยผู้ใหญ่ที่นอนโรงพยาบาลประกอบด้วยคำแนะนำที่ 1 ถึง 10 ได้แก่ คำแนะนำการคัดกรองและประเมินภาวะโภชนาการ ข้อบ่งชี้และเวลาในการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ การคำนวณความต้องการสารอาหาร ช่องทางในการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ การดูแลสายสวนหลอดเลือด การเลือกชนิดของอาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ ความไม่เข้ากันระหว่างยา กับสารอาหาร ภาวะแทรกซ้อนรวมทั้งแนวทางการป้องกันและแก้ไข การประเมินและการติดตามหลังการให้อาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ และประเด็นจริยธรรมในการให้สารอาหารทางหลอดเลือดดำ
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