Effects of Chemotherapy on Nutrition in Cancer Patients
Keywords:
chemotherapy, adverse effect, nutrition, cancer patientAbstract
Cancer patients have high risks of malnutrition due to the cancer itself or the adverse effects of cancer treatment. Chemotherapy, particularly, has systemic effects on the body to kill cancer cells, but also affects the mucosal cells of the gastrointestinal tract, which are normal cells of the body that grow fast. It also aggravates poor diet intake or nutrient loss by causing taste/smell alteration, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. Prolonged adverse symptoms leave the patients at risk of cancer cachexia that badly affects the quality of life. Physicians may consider postponing or stopping chemotherapy if patients have severe adverse symptoms resulting in cancer treatment failure and reduced survival rate. Appropriate nutritional advice to specific patients about their chemotherapy regimens and the possible consequences are mandatory to monitor potential problems and provide nutritional management immediately.
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