กัญชา จากอดีตสู่ปัจจุบัน
Keywords:
Cannabis, medical marijuana, history of cannabis, marijuana legalizationAbstract
Cannabis is one of the earliest plants cultivated by humans. Its parts were used to make textiles and medicine. Widespread usage of cannabis among Western physicians in the 19th century resulted from well-designed scientific works. In the early 20th century, however, the Marijuana Tax Act law was passed resulting in a halt of scientific research on cannabis. In 1964, an active compound of cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was discovered. THC acts on CB1 and CB2 receptors, which are largely present in the central nervous system and immune cells, respectively. This scientific progress drew attention back to the pharmaceutical properties of cannabis. In the past few decades, there has been a trend toward legalization of cannabis for medical and recreational use. Scientific evidence shows efficacy of cannabis for relieving chronic pain, nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, stimulating appetite, reducing spasticity from multiple sclerosis and the treatment of epilepsy. However, legalization of cannabis poses some physical and mental health risks to the society.
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