The Thai Journal of Anesthesiology is the official peer-reviewed journal of the Royal College of Anesthesiologists of Thailand. The journal aims to advance knowledge, research, and clinical practice in anesthesiology and related disciplines through the publication of high-quality scholarly work. The journal welcomes original research articles, review articles, case reports, clinical innovations, and other academic manuscripts related to anesthesiology, pain medicine, critical care, perioperative medicine, regional anesthesia, patient safety, and associated fields. Its mission is to promote academic excellence, encourage scientific exchange, and support evidence-based practice among anesthesiologists and healthcare professionals both nationally and internationally. All submissions undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process by at least three independent reviewers to ensure scientific quality, integrity, and relevance.