Factors Associated with Pressure Injury in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study
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Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease occurring worldwide and spreading widely. It affects physical and mental health, leading to various complications, especially pressure injury. This retrospective study aimed to identify factors associated with pressure injury among COVID-19 patients admitted to a university hospital. The sample consisted of 310 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized during August 1–31, 2021, and met inclusion criteria. Data were collected retrospectively from medical records via electronic medical records. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that the most important factors associated with pressure injury in COVID-19 patients were having peripheral venous catheter insertion. The patients with peripheral venous catheter insertion were 17.68 times more likely to have pressure injury compared with not having peripheral venous catheter insertion (OR = 17.68, p = .018). Secondly, patients receiving endotracheal intubation were 8.87 times more likely to have a pressure injury compared to patients who were spontaneously breathing (OR = 8.87, p = .000). In addition, each increase of 1 day in hospital length of stay increased 1.05 times for the risk of developing pressure injury (OR = 1.05, p= .002). The results of this study can be used as basic information for planning and developing guidelines for the prevention and care of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at risk of pressure injury in order to increase the quality of effective nursing care.
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