Factors Predicting Health-Promoting Behaviors Among Older Adults with Multimorbidity Living in Communities, Sisaket Province
Keywords:
Older adults, Multimorbidity, Health-promoting behaviorsAbstract
Older adults with multimorbidity are at risk of health deterioration due to inappropriate health-promoting behaviors. This predictive relationship study examines the health-promoting behaviors of elderly individuals with chronic diseases in Sisaket Province. The participants consisted of 102 older adults diagnosed with more than two chronic non-communicable diseases. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires on personal information, perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors, perceived barriers to health-promoting behaviors, self-efficacy, social support, and health-promoting behaviors. Content validity and reliability of the research instrument were approved. Data were analyzed using multiple regression statistics.
The research findings revealed that the participants were predominantly female (68.60%), with an average age of 70.85 years (SD = 8.12). The most common underlying disease was hypertension (100.00%), followed by diabetes and hyperlipidemia (95.88% and 85.68%, respectively). The overall level of health-promoting behavior was high (M = 50.85, SD = 8.29). Perceived benefits of health-promoting behaviors were moderate (M = 17.85, SD = 3.35), as were perceived barriers (M = 31.78, SD = 7.51). Self-efficacy was moderate (M = 19.64, SD = 3.39), and social support was high (M = 39.32, SD = 8.64). All factors significantly predicted health-promoting behaviors in older people with multiple chronic diseases at a rate of 61.40% (R² = 0.61, p < .001).
The findings provide essential information for designing health promotion programs for older adults with multimorbidity, with the potential to significantly improve their ability to manage their own health by enhancing their self-efficacy and awareness of the benefits of health-promoting behaviors, along with continued social support.
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