ผลการตั้งครรภ์และอัตราการเลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมแม่ของมารดาวัยรุ่น ในโรงพยาบาลดำเนินสะดวก

บทคัดย่อ

Objective: To study the incidence, outcome and rate of breast feeding in teenage mothers compared to adult mothers at Damnoensaduak Hospital

Study design: Retrospective study

Method: The data was collected from 1 January to 31 December 2011, consisted of 850 pregnant women; 186 were teenage pregnancies (age < 20 years) and 664 were adult pregnancies (age ≥ 20 years). Demographic, obstretic, neonatal outcome and infant feeding were collected and compared between two groups.

Results: The incidence of teenage pregnancies at Damnoensaduak Hospital was 21.9% (186/850). Teenage group had later onset of antenatal care than adult group (X = 15.66 wk. versus 13.5 wk., p = 0.000) and had higher rate of inadequate antenatal care (21.0% versus 11.9%, p = 0.002). Their babies had lower birthweight than adult group (X = 2,971.72 gm. versus 3,070.35 gm., p = 0.009), but there were no significant differences in the rate of low birthweight, gestational age and Apgar Score between two groups. The teenage group had higher rate of normal labor than adult group (84.9% versus 72.1%), but lower rate of cesarean section (11.3% versus 24.2%, p = 0.003). The higher rate of preterm labor was found in teenage group than adult group (11.8% versus 6.3%, p = 0.012). The teenage group had lower rate of breast feeding and breast feeding plus bottle feeding than adult group at 4 months of age of their babies (43.1% versus 46.8% and 10.0% versus 21.9%, p = 0.004), but there were no significant differences at 2 months and 6 months of age.

Conclusion: Teenage pregnancy was associated with late onset of antenatal care, low number of visit and inadequate antenatal care program and low rate of cesarean section. Teenage group was at high risk of preterm labor. Moreover, teenage pregnancies had lower birthweight babies and had lower rate of breast feeding and breast feeding plus bottle feeding at 4 months postpartum than adult group.