อุบัติการณ์และปัจจัยเสี่ยงของภาวะเยื่อบุช่องท้องอักเสบในผู้ป่วยที่ล้างไตทางช่องท้องชนิดต่อเนื่อง โรงพยาบาลเจ้าพระยายมราช

บทคัดย่อ

Objective : To study the incidence and risk factors of peritonitis in CAPD patients in Chaophrayayomraj hospital.

Method : A retrospective study was done to assess incidence and risk factors of peritonitis in 34 patients at Chaophrayayomraj hospital who underwent CAPD from September 2002 to August 2009. Data were expressed as mean ± S.D. Incidence and risk factors were determined by logistic analysis. Characteristics examined were age, gender, education level, socioeconomic factors, baseline serum albumin, hemoglobin, connecting system, comorbid conditions and CAPD performed by self or a caregiver. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and comparison of percentage between groups was made with the Chi-square lest. Differences were considered statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05.

Results : The cumulative duration of dialysis for the whole group was 476.28 months. The number of all peritonitis was 27 episodes in 13 patients. The average peritonitis rate was 0.68 episodes per year or one episode per 17.64 patient-months. Staphylococcus species was the most common pathogen followed by Acinetobacter species and Escherichia coli. The only factor associated with peritonitis was the connecting system. Double bags system used had lower peritonitis rates as compared to patients on single bag system. The results indicated that age, education level, comorbid conditions, water supply, CAPD performed by self or a caregiver, baseline serum albumin and hemoglobin were not significantly associated with the rate at which peritonitis occurred in our patient population.

Conclusion : This study confirmed that switching from single bag to double bags system decreased the peritonitis rate. We could not found that lower serum albumin and hemoglobin level were the risk factors of peritonitis that may be due to small sample size.