แคลเซียมเสริมระหว่างตั้งครรภ์กับน้ำหนักทารกแรกเกิดต่ำ และการคลอดก่อนกำหนด

บทคัดย่อ

     Objectives : To assess effects of calcium supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight and preterm delivery

     Materials and Method : A Prospective Randomized Controlled trial was conducted in 431 normal pregnant women, up to 34 gestational weeks, who attended to antenatal clinic and delivered in Prachub- kirhikhan Hospital during September 1, 2006-May 10, 2007. Pregnant women who had similar risks (age, gravidity, gestational age) were matched and randomly assigned to study group (take calcium carbonate 1,500 mg./day, ferrous fumerate 600 mg./day, folic acid 5 mg./day) or control group (take ferrous fumerate , 600 mg./day, folic acid 5 mg./day). Every pregnants were managed and follow up in the same standard until delivered.

     Main outcomes measurement : Incidence of low birth weight and preterm delivery 

     Results : There were 217 pregnant women in study group and 214 women in control group. Both groups had similar age, gravidity, gestational age (when recruited), amount of milk consumed per day, incomes, occupation, education, gestational weight gained, mean gestational age on delivery, mean birth weight, infant’s sex and APGAR scores at 1 minute excepts for prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). The study group had lower BMI than control group. No statistically difference of low birth weight infants or preterm births between the study group and control group in every maternal age, gravidity, gestational age when recruited, incomes, prepregnancy body mass index subgroups excepts for low maternal weight gained. Pregnant women, who gained weight during gestation ≤ 5 kgs in study group had fewer low birth weight infants than in control group but had not statistically reduced preterm delivery.

     Conclusion : Maternal calcium supplementation had reduced low-birth-weight infants only in women who had low weight gained (≤ 5kgs). There was no overall effect on incidence of preterm birth.