ภาวะแทรกซ้อนทางระบบหายใจในผู้ป่วยเด็กที่ติดเชื้อ เอ็ช ไอ วี

บทคัดย่อ

We retrospectively analysed medical records of 97 vertical HIV-infected children admitted to Phayao hospital from January 1994 to December 1995. Sixty cases of pulmonary complications were found (61.8%), containing 40 cases of acute pulmonary complication and 20 cases of chronic pulmonary complication. Death from acute respiratory failure from severe pneumonia were found in 26 cases (26.8%). Presumptive diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was diagnosed in 11 cases (42.3% of the patients who dead from severe pneumonia) of which 16 cases were acute respiratory illness and HIV infection was diagnosed thereafter. Median age of death was 3 months (range 1-18 months) and all cases did not recieved PCP prophylaxis. 10 patients with chronic pulmonary complication dead from severe pneumonia, sepsis, possibly PCP and aspiration pneumonia.

PCP is the most common opportunistic infection and is often rapidly fatal but it can be prevented by chemoprophylaxis. We should emphasized its prevention as part of the care of children exposed to HIV.