Predicting Factors for the Risk of NCDs (Diabetes and Hypertension) Among the Working-Age Service Receivers in Health Promotion Hospital, Regional Health Promotion Center 5 Ratchaburi

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the predicting factors for the risk of developing diabetes, hypertension, and co-occurrence of diabetes with hypertension among the working-age service receivers in Health Promotion Hospital, Regional Health Promotion Center 5 Ratchaburi.

Methods: This is a retrospective analytic study conducted by collecting secondary data from the medical records of working-age individuals who received services at the Health Promotion Hospital, Regional Health Promotion Center 5 Ratchaburi, Ratchaburi Province, from October 1, 2022 to September 30, 2023. A total of 1,342 medical records was included. The data were analyzed to identify predictors of the risk factors of developing diabetes, hypertension, and co-occurrence of diabetes with hypertension, using frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t test independent, chi-square test, and odds ratio between the disease (NCDs) group and the non-disease (NCDs) group using binary logistic regression with 95% confidence interval.

Results: The group of working-age service recipients had an average age of 43.69 years, with 23.8% being male and 76.2% female. The average body mass index (BMI) was 24.17 kg/m², with an average systolic blood pressure of 120.37 mmHg and an average diastolic blood pressure of 73.14 mmHg. The majority of the working-age service recipients did not exercise (96.6%), while 2.5% were smokers and 3.7% consumed alcohol regularly. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis revealed that 1) the predicting factors for the risk of diabetes among the working-age service receivers included four factors: age (OR = 1.107, p < .001); body mass index (OR = 1.182, p < .001); systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.028, p = .033); and exercise behaviors, no exercises (OR = 12.657, p < .001) and occasional exercises (OR = 8.337, p = .013). 2) The predicting factors for the risk of hypertension among the working-age service receivers included three factors:  age (OR = 1.128, p < .001); body mass index (OR = 1.097, p = < .001); systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.061, p < .001); and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.031, p = .022). 3) The predicting factors for the risk of co-occurrence of diabetes with hypertension among the working-age service receivers included four factors:  age (OR = 1.161, p < .001); body mass index (OR = 1.237, p = < .001); systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.057, p = .004); and exercise behavior, no exercises (OR = 17.184, p < .001) and occasional exercises (OR = 13.035, p = .037).

Conclusion: Age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure levels, and exercise behaviors can predict the risk of NCDs (diabetes and hypertension) among the working-age service receivers in Health Promotion Hospital, Regional Health Promotion Center 5 Ratchaburi.