The Association between Health Literacy and Self-Care Behavior in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Living in the Mueang District of Mahasarakham Province, Thailand
Keywords:
health literacy, self-care behavior, diabetes mellitus type 2Abstract
This descriptive correlational research aimed to examine the level of health literacy and the level of self-care behavior to examine the association between health literacy and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The samples consisted of 146 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus living in the Mueang district of Mahasarakham province in Thailand. The sample were recruited according to the inclusion criteria and simple random sampling. Data were collected between February to and March 2022. The research instruments included a health literacy questionnaire and a self-care behavior questionnaire. The reliability of the instruments tested by Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was measured to be .79 and .82, respectively. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
The results revealed that the sample possessed health literacy in all aspects at the moderate level with a value of 58.20% (Mean = 59.03, SD = 6.93) and for self-care behavior in all aspects at the moderate level with a value of 71.90% (Mean = 42.69, SD = 5.14). Overall, health literacy showed a statistically significant positive correlation with self-care behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the high level (r = .72**, p-value < .001).
Therefore, nurses or healthcare providers should play a role in organizing activities to increase health literacy to encourage diabetes patients to possess the knowledge, positive attitudes, and skills to take care of themselves and appropriately modify self-care behaviors.
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