Nutrition Diagnosis by Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)
Abstract
Malnutrition is one of the unfavorable risk factors which affects the clinical outcomes of patients. Several clinical criteria have been proposed for a nutrition diagnosis; however, there has been no single definitive consensus to date. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) is a core diagnostic criteria for malnutrition, which is agreed upon by various experts from global clinical nutrition societies. A two-step approach for a malnutrition diagnosis includes screening to identify at risk status, assessment for diagnosis and severity grading as well as the etiology of malnutrition. At least one phenotypic criterion and one etiologic criterion should exist to establish malnutrition. Phenotypic criteria are non-volitional weight loss, low body mass index, and decreased muscle mass; etiologic criteria include decreased food intake and inflammation or disease burden. It should be noted that appling the GLIM criteria in Thailand may be limited due to limited data about muscle mass measurement. However, implementation of the criteria along with further data collection may improve the quality of clinical practice.
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