Case Investigation of Dengue fever in Piman Sub-district, Na Kae District, Nakhon Phanom Province, between 14-28 April 2024

Abstract

        On April 14, 2024, at 11:31 a.m., Piman Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital received notification from Na Kae Hospital about a confirmed dengue fever patient who was being treated at Thatpanom Crown Prince Hospital. Surveillance and Rapid Response Team of Piman Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital and Na Kae District Public Health Office proceeded to, investigate and control the disease from April 14–28, 2024 to confirm diagnosis and outbreak of the disease. Study the epidemiological characteristics, to find the cause, and sources of disease, and risk factors to find appropriate prevention and control. The procedures were patient's medical records reviewed, interview patients and family using a specific disease investigation form, review laboratory testing results, active case finding, and environmental survey.

        The results of investigation revealed 28 years old male patient, unemployed. He began showing symptoms on April 9, 2024, and was admitted to Thatpanom Crown Prince Hospital on April 13, 2024, with symptoms of fever, headache, vomiting, and anorexia. It was confirmed by the doctor that he had dengue fever, and the diagnosis was validated using a Rapid Test Antibody types IgM and IgG, positive results. The main cause of the disease seems to be an infection contracted while working at a relative's house during the day Risk factors for the disease include the habit of sleeping during the day without using a mosquito net, it's dark inside the house and there's not enough light, poor ventilation, and raising fighting cocks in front of the house, container Index at risk level. The disease investigation team implemented control and prevention measures for a period of 14 days. Additionally, the community was advised to maintain continuous surveillance for the full 28-day period. The results of the intervention showed that both the House Index (HI) and Container Index (CI) were at safe levels (HI=0, CI=0). Moreover, no new cases of dengue fever were reported in either of the two communities during the 14-day control period.

        Measures to control disease by mosquito fogging operations, mosquito breeding site surveillance and eradication, active case finding, and promoting awareness and community involvement in dengue prevention.