Risk Factors Associated with Ischemic Stroke Recurrence in Patients Treated at Ratchaburi Hospital

Abstract

        Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with recurrent ischemic stroke in patients treated at Ratchaburi Hospital.

          Methods: This retrospective study collected data from medical records of patients aged 18 years or older who experienced their first ischemic stroke and received treatment at Ratchaburi Hospital between January 2022 and December 2023. All participants were followed for at least 12 months. A total of 120 patients were included, comprising 60 patients with recurrent stroke and 60 without recurrence. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, independent t test, Mann–Whitney U test, and logistic regression.

          Results: The recurrent stroke group had significantly higher mean age (67.15 ± 11.41 vs. 56.5 ± 10.30 years; p < .01) and lower initial Barthel ADL scores (4.18 vs. 8.21; p < .01), as well as lower functional recovery (ΔADL 4.4 vs. 6.63; p < .01) and lower Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) scores (1.68 vs. 3.4; p < .01). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that factors significantly associated with stroke recurrence were age ≥65 years (Adjusted OR = 8.38; 95% CI: 2.86–24.53; p < .01) and Barthel ADL score ≤11 at discharge (adjusted OR = 14.14; 95% CI: 4.9–40.30; p < .01).

          Conclusion Patients aged ≥65 years and those with poor functional status at discharge (Barthel ADL score ≤11) are at significantly higher risk of recurrent ischemic stroke. Early and appropriate rehabilitation, along with functional assessments during hospitalization, may help reduce the risk of recurrence.