Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) Pregnant Women of Samutsakhon Hospital

Abstract

       A retrospective study was undertaken to study incidence, risk factor and complication of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women that antenatal care and delivew at Samutsakhon Hospital betaween 1 October 2005 - 30 September 2006. We found 64 of 5,514 (1.16%) had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

       The 981 pregnant woman who were selceted by Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) screening risk factor far diabetes were tested by 50—gram 1-hour glucose challenge test (GOT).

       The 201 pregnant women who had abnormal GOT were tested by 100 gram-3 hour glucose tolerance test (OGCT).

       The 64 pregnant women had abnormal OGCT, these women were diagnosed with GDM and 56 GDM women delivered at Samutsakhon Hospital.

       The three most common risk factors were maternal age ≥ 30 year (67.2%), history of family DM (51.2%) and obesity (29.7%). Maternal complication were mild to severe preeclampsia (25 case 16.7%), postpartum hemmorhage (4 case 7.14%)

       The two most common neonatal complication were hypoglyoemia (15 case, 20.8%), Jaundice (10 case, 17.8%) and shouder dystocia (2 case, 6.8%). ln Samutsakhon Hospital, a clinical practice guideline has been developedl for screening, early diagnosis and management of GDM, the aim to reduce adverse maternal and neonatal outcome.