ลักษณะทางคลินิกและผลการรักษาโรคคาวาซากิในผู้ป่วยเด็ก ณ โรงพยาบาลนครปฐม

Pimonrat Somkittithum

Authors

Pimonrat Somkittithum ์Nakhonpathom Hospital

Keywords:

Kawasaki disease, Clinical characteristics, Outcomes, Risk factor for coronary artery abnormalities

Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical characteristics, treatment outcomes, disease progression, and risk factors for cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients with Kawasaki disease at Nakhonpathom Hospital.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted through a review of the medical records of patients aged 0–15 years with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease who received treatment or follow-up care at Nakhonpathom Hospital between 2016 and 2023.

Results: Seventy-four patients were included, with a male predominance (male-to-female ratio of 1.24:1). The mean age at diagnosis was 2.4 years (range: 2.5 months–9.14 years). The disease onset was more frequent during February–March and October–December. Complete Kawasaki disease accounted for 73% of cases. The most common clinical findings were bilateral nonexudative conjunctivitis (90%), changes in the lips and oral mucosa (87.1%), and skin rashes (85.7%). Coronary artery abnormalities were identified in 12% of patients before treatment and decreased to 4% after treatment. Age older than 5 years was a statistically significant risk factor for coronary artery abnormalities.

Conclusion: Male sex has been reported as a risk factor for the development of Kawasaki disease compared to females. In addition, age greater than 5 years is associated with an increased risk coronary artery abnormalities (CAA) in patients with Kawasaki disease. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is effective in reducing the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities.

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