Administration of Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitor Affects Tumor Recurrence and Progression in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) on tumor-recurrence and diseaseprogression
in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients.
Methods: From 2006-2015, 348 NMIBC patients at Siriraj Hospital were recruited for this study. Tumor-recurrence
was identified after the transurethral resection of bladder cancer (TUR-BT) and pathological confirmation of NMIBC,
while stage-progression was defined as muscularis-propria invasion after pathological review or metastases. Cox
proportional hazards models were used to assess the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival
(PFS) rates.
Results: Of the 348 patients, 86 (24.7%) received RASIs at the first TUR-BT. The median age was 68 years, and it
was significantly older for the RASI cohort. No differences in the tumor characteristics of the groups were found.
The median follow-up periods for tumor-recurrence and stage-progression were 2.3 and 3.7 years, respectively.
Forty percent of the patients experienced tumor-recurrence, with the no-RASI cohort experiencing a significantly
higher tumor-recurrence rate (46% versus 22%, p<0.001). The 5-year RFS rates were 54% and 78% for the no-RASI
and RASI cohorts, respectively (p=0.001). Stage-progression was observed in 6% of the patients. The 5-year PFS
rates were 87% and 97% for the no-RASI and RASI cohorts, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analyses,
a tumor size ≥3 cm and tumor multifocality were associated with recurrent bladder cancer (p<0.02). On the other
hand, the administration of RASIs was associated with a reduced recurrence (p≤0.002).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that RASI administration might be a potential factor to prevent bladder cancer
recurrence. Further study is needed to evaluate the effects of RASIs.