Effect of a Goal Attainment Nursing Program on Self-management and Blood Pressure Control in High-risk Hypertensive Patients in a Primary Care Unit

Chontida Ladee; Sunee Lagampan; Panan Pichayapinyo; Korapat Mayurasakorn; Chalita Lagampan

doi:10.33192/Smj.2020.19

Authors

Chontida Ladee Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3966-9866
Sunee Lagampan Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8056-6754
Panan Pichayapinyo Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5320-5291
Korapat Mayurasakorn Department of Health Research and Development, Siriraj Medical Research Center, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-6463
Chalita Lagampan Department of Internal Medicine, Chonburi Hospital

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33192/Smj.2020.19

Keywords:

Self-management; hypertension; cardiovascular disease; goal attainment; behavior modification

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effects of goal attainment in nursing programs among hypertensive patients who are at high-risk to cardiovascular disease.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a primary care unit setting. Eligible participants included hypertensive patients aged 35 years and above with poorly controlled blood pressure and accompanying risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Seventy-eight participants were divided evenly into two groups via simple random sampling. The experimental group participated in a 10-week program consisting of small group education/demonstration sessions focused on goal setting and self-management behavior. These participants also received a follow-up phone call and text messages that served as reminders/reinforcements. The control group received routine care only, which included appropriately consultation with health care providers.
Results: The proportion of participants who achieved optimal blood pressure control (SBP < 140 mmHg) in the experimental group (80.6%) was greater than the control group (44.1%) (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the systolic blood pressure of the experimental group ( 131.33 mmHg, S.D. 12.09) was significantly lower than that of the control group ( 142.96 mmHg, S.D. 15.77) (p-value < 0.05). The mean scores for self-management behavior were significantly higher in the experimental group ( 106.14, S.D. 14.43) than the control group ( 83.21, S.D. 8.17) (p-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: The goal attainment nursing program targeting behavior modification through empowerment was effective in improving self-management behavior among hypertensive patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Thus, this program can be applied to patients with uncontrolled chronic diseases.

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