The Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Palate and Their Effect on Growth and Development: A Narrative Review

Nattharin  Wongsirichat; Basel  Mahardawi; Montien  Manosudprasit; Aggasit  Manosudprasit; Natthamet  Wongsirichat

doi:10.33192/Smj.2022.96

Authors

Nattharin Wongsirichat Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen
Basel Mahardawi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok
Montien Manosudprasit Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
Aggasit Manosudprasit Division of Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University
Natthamet Wongsirichat Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bangkokthonburi University, Bangkok

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33192/Smj.2022.96

Keywords:

Alveolar bone grafting, cleft lip, cleft palate, maxilla, orofacial cleft

Abstract

Cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL±P) in addition to the cleft palate (CP) are a category of anomalies known as orofacial clefts (OC). These anomalies are accompanied by several aesthetic and functional problems. Information on the prevalence of OC showed different values between studies worldwide. In addition, the presence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate is determined by several changes during the embryonic stage. Besides, cleft repair may lead to a significant impact on the overall aesthetic and function and could negatively affect maxillary growth on certain occasions. Therefore, having the background and knowledge on this phenomenon is essential in designing the overall treatment and obtaining outcomes that are as close to normal as possible. This article reviews the maxillary development, occurrence of cleft lip and/or palate and their prevalence, facial growth in the presence of clefts, effect of cleft repair, an overview of alveolar cleft treatment, as well as the essential information related the prevention of cleft lip and palate.

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