Efficacy and Safety of Topical 5% Azelaic Acid Solution Versus 2% Minoxidil Solution in the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33192/smj.v75i12.266001Keywords:
androgenetic alopecia, azelaic acid, female pattern hair loss, minoxidil allergy, pregnancyAbstract
Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of 5% azelaic acid solution in comparison with 2% minoxidil solution in the treatment of FPHL.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-six FPHL patients with Ludwig grade I or II were randomly treated with 5% azelaic acid solution or 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for 6 months. At baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months, hair density and hair shaft diameter were assessed at the targeted fixed area. At 6 months, patient and investigator assessments of hair growth were performed using a 7-point scale.
Results: Hair density and hair shaft diameter in the patients treated with 5% azelaic acid and 2% minoxidil solution were significantly increased compared to the baseline in all cases and visits (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in hair density and hair shaft diameter changes between both groups (P > 0.05). Both the investigator and patient assessments were comparable between both groups at 6 months. Pruritus was the major adverse effect reported in both groups, but only mild and all could be tolerated.
Conclusion: 5% Azelaic acid solution might be an effective treatment for FPHL, comparable with 2% minoxidil, and could be an alternative treatment for FPHL in minoxidil-allergic patients and pregnant women.
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