Predictors of Significant Fibrosis Among People Living with HIV with Metabolic Dysfunction- Associated Steatotic Liver Disease:

Thaninee Prasoppokakorn; Varisa Limpijankit; Siravich Seesodsai; Palakorn Panarat; Teerarat Shanthachol; Kanokwan Sonsiri; Prooksa Ananchuensook; Kessarin Thanapirom; Chusana Suankratay; Sombat Treeprasertsuk

doi:10.33192/smj.v76i12.270742

Authors

Thaninee Prasoppokakorn Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Medicine, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
Varisa Limpijankit Department of Medicine, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
Siravich Seesodsai Department of Medicine, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
Palakorn Panarat Department of Medicine, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
Teerarat Shanthachol Department of Medicine, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Chonburi, Thailand
Kanokwan Sonsiri Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Prooksa Ananchuensook Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Kessarin Thanapirom Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Chusana Suankratay Division of Infectious disease, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
Sombat Treeprasertsuk Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33192/smj.v76i12.270742

Keywords:

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, steatotic liver disease, metabolic syndrome, HIV infection, People Living with HIV

Abstract

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH) due to comorbidities and factors related to HIV infection. This study aimed to identify clinical predictors of significant fibrosis among PLWH with MASLD.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with PLWH having CD4 counts ≥200, enrolled between April and October 2023 at two tertiary hospitals. The primary outcome was identifying the clinical predictors of significant fibrosis (F≥2) defined by TE≥8 kPa. Secondary outcomes included MASLD prevalence
and characteristics.

Results: Among 96 PLWH, 52 (54.2%) had MASLD. The mean age was 49.7±8.0 years, 63.5% were male, and the mean BMI was 25.8±4.1 kg/m². Obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were present in 17.3%, 19.2%, and 46.2% of participants, respectively. The mean CAP and TE were 285±36 dB/m and 8.7±7.8 kPa, respectively. Significant
fibrosis was present in 24 patients (46.2%). Fibrosis scoring systems (FIB-4, APRI, NFS) demonstrated good accuracy (AUROCs: 0.84, 0.85, 0.76, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified predictors of significant fibrosis: higher BMI (aOR 1.24, p=0.042), dyslipidemia (aOR 3.96, p=0.038), and higher AST (aOR 1.19, p=0.011). The AGA pathway using two steps (FIB-4 and TE) improved reclassification of significant fibrosis risk, reducing the number of individuals at indeterminate risk, 12 out of 52 in the first step to 7 out of 52 in the second step.

Conclusion: MASLD is highly prevalent in PLWH, with about half experiencing significant fibrosis. Predictors of significant fibrosis include dyslipidemia, higher BMI, and elevated AST levels. Fibrosis scoring systems accurately predict significant fibrosis.

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