Correlation between pain and pulmonary functions in cardiac surgery with median sternotomy patients
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Abstract
Background: Major problems that occur after cardiac surgery are decreasing in pulmonary function due to many factors such as using cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery. Surgical techniques and post-operative pain leading to tachypnea and shallow breathing. These factors can increase complications, including atelectasis and pneumonia. However, there is limited evidence of post-operative pain's effects on pulmonary functions and the correlation between pain and pulmonary function.
Objective: To determine the effects of pain severity on pulmonary functions and correlation between pain and pulmonary functions in cardiac surgery patients.
Methods: Thirty-four cardiac surgery patients, 19 males and 15 females, participated in this study. All the participants received a cardiac rehabilitation program. Pain score (numeric rating scales, NRS) and pulmonary functions including forced vital capacity (FVC), vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), total lung capacity (TLC), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured on the pre-operative day and 2, 3, 4 and 5 days after surgery.
Results: The significantly moderate negative relationship between pain score (NRS) with VC (r=-0.468, p=0.005) and NRS with PEFR (r=-0.352, p=0.041) were found on the second days after surgery.
Conclusion: Pain is a moderately negative relationship with VC and PEFR in post-cardiac surgery patients. Therefore, physiotherapists should consider pain management as a key role in these patients, especially when using the coughing technique. Since this technique requires both VC and PEFR for the reduction in post-operative complications.
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References
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