ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเสียชีวิตของผู้ป่วยโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019

Abstract

Objective : To study the factors associated with the mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Method : The study was conducted via retrospective analytic study, where the sample consisted of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 who were admitted to the isolation unit, Mahasarakham Hospital, between January 1^st to March 31^st, 2022. A total of 161 subjects were selected via systematic randomization. Data were collected through medical records using data record form for factors associated with mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics through Logistic Regression Analysis. Results are reported as adjusted odds ratio (OR_adj) and 95% confidence interval.

Result : A majority of patients were female (60.2%), with mean ages of 52.89 ± 20.87 years (range between 15 to 95 years), have at least one underlying disease (49.70%). The factors that played a statistically significant role in the mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (p < .05) included age of more than 50 years (OR_adj= 1.94; 95% CI = 1.89-1.99), have at least one underlying disease (OR_adj =5.07; 95% CI = 1.16-22.07), has chronic kidney disease (OR_adj= 10.34; 95% CI = 2.25-47.37), and an oxygen saturation level at reception lower than 96% (OR_adj= 9.11; 95% CI = 2.44-34.06) and has a history of receiving at least one dose of vaccination (OR_adj= 0.065; 95% CI= 0.02-0.20). Furthermore, the study also revealed that immunization was found to be a protective factor (OR_adj= 0.065; 95%CI= 0.02-0.20).

Conclusion : There should be awareness and close surveillance among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 who are over 50 years of age and have at least one underlying disease, has chronic kidney disease, and an oxygen saturation level at reception lower than 96% in order to reduce the mortality in this group of patients.