Biology of Dengue Vectors and Serotypes of Dengue Virus in infectious Cycle in Thailand
Keywords:
Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Biology, Dengue infection rateAbstract
Biological studies on dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus and prevalence of dengue viruses found in both species were carried out in 25 provinces of Thailand. Both vectors were usually found in all provinces; however, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus could be found up to 1,509 and 1,928 meters above sea level, respectively. It was found that the biting rhythm of dengue vectors was different from previous studies. Both species frequently fed on humans during daytime from dawn to dusk, but they sometimes also seek for blood meal at night. Biting rates of Ae. aegypti were high in summer while those of Ae. albopictus were in winter. The semi-nested RT-PCR technique was used to detect dengue virus in both species to demonstrate prevalence of the virus in mosquito vectors. It was found that 4 serotypes of dengue viruses were detected in both vector collected from 25 provinces. The prevalence of each serotype of dengue viruses found in each vector varied from province to province, while the infection rates in Ae. aegypti were higher than those of Ae. albopictus. Occurrence of dengue viruses found in larvae and adult male mosquitoes reveals the role of transovarial transmission of dengue viruses in field populations of the vectors and elucidates circulation of dengue viruses in vectors in endemic areas. Double infections of two serotypes of dengue viruses were also detected in individual Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The incidence of multi-serotypes of dengue viruses found in field populations of both vectors in the same areas is suspected to initiate epidemic of dengue fever. Therefore, it needs to get rid of larval breeding places and personal protection from mosquito bites.
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