Prevalence and Risk Factors Affecting Birth Asphyxia among the Neonates delivered at Burapha University Hospital

Abstract

                Birth Asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal illness, high disability, or death. It is an important indicator of the quality and efficiency of mother and newborn care in the hospital. The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence and risk factors of neonatal birth asphyxia at Burapha University Hospital. In order to determine standardized guidelines and precautions for the most effective care of mothers and infants during antenatal care and delivery.  Retrospective study was used by collecting data from January 1, 2018-December 31, 2020, consisted of 208 people, divided into 2 groups.  The control group was 156 women who gave birth with Apgar score at minute 1 > 7. The study group consisted of pregnant women who gave birth with Apgar Score at min 1 ≤ 7 of 52 people.  Statistics were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Odds ratio (95% CI) and logistic regression method.  The findings of the research are as follows.  The prevalence of neonatal birth asphyxia in 2018 was 24.0 per 1,000 live births (95% CI: 21.75, 26.25).  In 2019, the prevalence was 68.1 per 1,000 live births (95%
CI: 44.65, 91.75) and 2020, the prevalence was 24.8 per 1,000 live births (95% CI: 24.74, 24.93).  The differences between the study group and the control group (p < 0.5) were compared, respectively, as follows maternal risk factors was gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR 3.21, 95%CI 1.49-6.85) and the fetal risk factor was birth weight < 2500 g (OR 7.29, 95%CI 2.98-17.81).

                Summarizing the findings of these risk factors, it is possible to plan for mother and newborn care. The findings are also utilized to develop a surveillance system before and during pregnancy, as well as during and after delivery to reduce the incidence of neonatal hypoxia, infant morbidity and perinatal motality.