Clinical Manifestation and Predisposing Factors in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: A 3-years Retrospective Study at Sanpasitthiprasong Hospital

Abstract

          The purpose was to study the symptoms, risk factors and clinical laboratory results and the sites of cerebral venous thrombosis,treatment and outcomes, and 6-month follow-up. The retrospective study was conducted by reviewing medical records of patients with confirmed cerebral venous thrombosis by radiologists’ interpretations of computed tomography of brain or magnetic resonance of brain. These patients aged over 15 years were admitted to Sanpasitthiprasong hospital, UbonRatchathani from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. There were 48 eligible patients, 22 men and 26 women. The main symptoms were headache, weakness, seizure and alteration of consciousness. The risk factors associated with the disease were head trauma and mastoiditis/otitis media. Significant laboratory findings of D-dimer were higher than normal, 91.6%, ESR more than 87.5%. The prevalence of leukocytosis was 60%, protein C deficiency was 5% and protein S deficiency was 5%. The causes of the disease were mostly unknown, oral contraceptives, and head trauma. The most common venous thrombosis occurred at superior sagittal sinus, transverse sinus, cortical vein, and sigmoid sinus, respectively. After treatment of thrombolytic drugs, most patients were improved, only one died. At follow-up after 6 months of treatment revealed that the patients were normal (66.67%), weakness (12.5%), headache (16.67%), seizure (2.08%) and relapsed (2.08%). Cerebral vein thrombosis is more common in females, middle-aged and characterized by many symptoms. The headache, weakness and seizures are dominant. Risk factors associated with major morbidities were head trauma and middle ear infections. Most patients respond well to treatment, once diagnosed properly and treated appropriately