Characteristics of Neurogenic Bladder in Patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Vincent Ongko  Wijaya; Desak Made Cittarasmi Saraswati Seputra; Ni Made Dwita Pratiwi; Komang Arimbawa

doi:10.33192/smj.v78i11.276071

Authors

Vincent Ongko Wijaya Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Desak Made Cittarasmi Saraswati Seputra Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Ni Made Dwita Pratiwi I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Komang Arimbawa I.G.N.G Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33192/smj.v78i11.276071

Keywords:

Neurogenic bladder, GBS, urinary disfunction

Abstract

Objective: This review aims to determine the prevalence and characteristics of neurogenic bladder issues in patients diagnosed with Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a literature search through PubMed, EMBASE, and Medline, published up to October 2024. Moreover, supplementary sources were obtained through the examination related references. Studies presenting the urinary dysfunction features of GBS patients in their data were included. The primary outcome was the pooled prevalence of neurogenic bladder symptoms in GBS. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines. Selected studies were included in the meta-analysis of proportion and heterogeneity test.

Results: From 257 identified studies, 6 observational studies were included in the final analysis, with 375 participants included. The overall prevalence of neurogenic bladder in patients with GBS was 42.1% (95% CI: 23.9-61.6, I² = 89.56%). Voiding difficulty (28.7%, 95% CI: 21.5-36.8, I² =0%), retention (27.4%, 95% CI: 14.5–42, I² = 79.27), and urgency (22%, 95% CI: 4.0–48.9, I² = 89.99%) was commonly reported bladder symptoms, respectively. Acute Axonal Pattern (AMAN/AMSAN) was more common (46.6%, 95% CI: 3.05-94.2, I² =95.31%) than Acute Demyelinating Pattern (AIDP) (37.2%, 95% CI: 22.9-53.2, I² = 0%). Detrusor underactivity (n=26/39) was mostly reported findings based on urodynamic tests.

Conclusion: Urinary dysfunction is a common neurologic manifestation in patients with GBS. Early recognition and management reduce complications and improve functional outcomes.

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