Antioxidant activities and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 9th ordered Krom Luang Chumphon Khet Udom Sak remedy

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most serious global public health issues and is a chronic disease caused by metabolic disorders in the body, leading to high blood sugar levels. This study aims to test the inhibitory effects on the enzyme alpha-glucosidase, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoids content of the extract from 9^th Ordered Krom- Luang Chumphon Khet Udom Sak remedy, as well as individual herbs in the formulation. The herbs were extracted using the ethanol fermentation method and the traditional boiling method. The inhibitory effects on the alpha-glucosidase enzyme and antioxidant activity were tested using DPPH, ABTS, and FARP methods. The test results showed that the ethanolic extract of remedy exhibited an inhibitory effect on alpha-glucosidase enzyme with IC₅₀ = 474.11 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH method showed that the ethanol extract of Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. had the highest activity with an IC₅₀ = 14.73 µg/mL. The ABTS method revealed that the water extract of Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz. had the highest activity with an IC₅₀ = 22.38 µg/mL. The FARP method indicated that the water extract of Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz. had the highest activity 157.9 mg Trolox/g extract and 336.99 mg Fe2+/g extract. Additionally, the highest phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 239.96 mg GAE/g extract and 587.67 mg QE/g extract, respectively. This shows that remedy has alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, there should be further studies on the side effects of herbal medicines for scientific confirmation.