Computed Tomography Findings of the Brain in Adults with First Seizure at Thabo Crown Prince Hospital
Abstract
Objective : Study to Computed Tomography Findings of the Brain in Adults with First Seizure at Thabo Crown Prince Hospital
Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on all adult patients with first seizure presenting to Thabo Crown Prince Hospital ED over a 1-year period (June 2017 through June 2018). Electronic patient records were reviewed for demographics, neuroimaging, and laboratory test results.
Results: 205 patients were included in study. Patients with history of previous seizure, head injury, electrolyte abnormalities, alcohol/drug intoxication were excluded from study. The mean age in our series was 52.21 years. There were 67.8 % males and 32.2 % were female. Generalized seizure was seen in 53.4 % of patients whereas focal seizure was seen in 46.3 % of patients. Abnormal CT scan was found in 41.9 % of patients with first episode of seizure. CT scan was abnormal in 71.6 % of patients with focal seizure. Only 16.4 % of patients with generalized seizure had abnormal CT scan.
Conclusion: Poststroke sequelae was the commonest abnormality detected on CT scan which was found in 12.2 % of patients. Old surgery/old trauma sequelae was the commonest abnormality detected in younger population (42.1 %) while poststroke sequelae was common in older patients found in 37.3 % of patients. CT scan of the brain should be done as a routine investigation in all patients with first seizure. As CT scan is more easily available and cheaper than MRI, CT is preferred technique of neuroimaging and plays an important role as a preliminary tool in radiological assessment of patients presenting with first seizure.
Keywords: CT scan, first seizure, poststroke sequelae
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