High Risk Newborn Developmental Outcomes in Mahasarakham Hospital

Abstract

Objectives : To study developmental outcomes and factors affecting developmental delays in high-risk newborns at the Child Development Clinic, Mahasarakham Hospital

Methods : A retrospective cohort study, data was conducted from developmental card record form in high risk newborns who was born between  January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018 and had followed up at Developmental clinic, Mahasarakham Hospital until at least 24 months of age. DAIM assessment at 9, 18 and 24 month of age were collected and analyzed.

Results : There were 161 cases of the high risk newborns who enrolled in this study out of 216 total number of the newborns between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018. Most were preterm, 140 patients (87%). The Mean (+SD) of birthweight was 1500 (+0.5) grams. There was almost equal proportion between female and male. At 24 months of age, there were 42 participants (26.1%) with developmental delay.  Among these, 16 (38.1%) had global developmental delay. Delays in language were the most common, which found in 33 participants (20.5 %). The motor delay and personal-social delay were found in 27 participants  (16.8 %) and 18 participants (11.2 %) respectively. Birth asphyxia, septicemia and anemia were significant risk factors of delayed development.

Conclusion : The high risk newborns, mostly had achieved their developmental milestone at 24 months of age. Among those who had developmental delay, were associated with maternal complications and postnatal complications. So the appropriate management of high risk newborns, least complications were important factors to reduce developmental delay. Developmental surveillance, stimulation and growth follow-op should be provide to all high risk newborns.