Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life among Older Adults undergoing Hemodialysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60099/jtnmc.v39i02.268465Keywords:
older adults, hemodialysis, health-related quality of life, malnutrition, frailtyAbstract
Introduction Hemodialysis has a significant effect on the quality of life in older adults with chronic kidney disease. Investigating factors related to the quality of life in the older adults with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis can offer crucial information to provide care for them with quality of life.
Objective 1) To describe malnutrition, adequacy of hemodialysis, frailty, and health-related quality of life, and 2) To examine relationships among malnutrition, adequacy of hemodialysis, frailty, and health-related quality of life in older adults who undergo hemodialysis.
Design A descriptive correlation design was used with application of Ferrans’s conceptual model of health-related quality of life as the conceptual framework.
Methodology Participants were 100 older adults who undergo hemodialysis at an outpatient dialysis unit in 2 university hospitals were recruited in this study following the inclusion criteria. The instruments used for data collection were the demographic questionnaire, the Malnutrition-inflammation score, the Simple FRAIL questionnaire screening tool, and the Thai-Health-Related Quality of Life. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the Malnutrition-inflammation score, and the Thai-Health-Related Quality of Life were .83 and .81, respectively. The test-retest reliability within 7 days of the Simple FRAIL questionnaire screening tool using, Spearman correlation coefficient was 1. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson or Spearman Rank correlation coefficient statistics.
Results The mean age of participants was 72.46 years (SD = 8.25), with 55% were female. Most of them were unemployed/ retired (94%) and had a primary caregiver (82%). The median dialysis period was 36 with interquartile range [IQR] between 17.25 and 73.50 months. The overall mean score of malnutrition status was risk for severe malnutrition (M = 8.87, SD = 3.88); adequacy of hemodialysis was normal (M = 1.99, SD = .49); frailty (M = 2.16, SD = 1.29) and health-related quality of life (M = 129, SD = 7.51) were at good level. Malnutrition and frailty had a significant moderate negative correlation with health-related quality of life (r = -.351, p < .001, rs = -.393, p < .001, respectively). However, the adequacy of hemodialysis was not correlated with health-related quality of life (r = .121, p > .05).
Recommendation The study results serve as fundamental information for healthcare providers in monitoring malnutrition and frailty. Additionally, health care providers should provide advice related to preventing malnutrition and promoting muscle strength and frailty for older adults undergoing hemodialysis. This could then lead to a good quality of life.
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