Investigation of the Cytotoxicity of Thai Cannabis Extracts on Various Cancer Cell Lines

Authors

  • Sarayut Radapong Department of Medical Sciences
  • Praw Suppajariyawat Department of Medical Sciences
  • Tiyanee Sahad Department of Medical Sciences
  • Nathaphat Harnkit Department of Medical Sciences
  • Kanchariya Phankhajon Department of Medical Sciences
  • Phatipan Primprai Department of Medical Sciences
  • Siriwan Chaisomboonpan Department of Medical Sciences
  • Phichet Banyati Department of Medical Sciences
  • Pornchai Sincharoenpokai Department of Medical Sciences
  • Kenneth J Ritchie Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom

Keywords:

Thai cannabis, Cytotoxicity, Cancer cells, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Cannabidiol (CBD)

Abstract

         Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an addictive plant. Currently, in Thailand, the plant is legalized for medical use and scientific research. It consists of two main active cannabinoids; Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), both of which report a wide range of pharmacological effects. This research aims to study the toxicity of Thai cannabis female inflorescence extracts on seven cancer cell lines. The three cannabis strains, namely PTC0601, PTC0602 (THC dominant) and PTC0729 (CBD dominant), were extracted using supercritical fluid extraction and then quantitatively analyzed using HPLC. Cytotoxicity was investigated by MTT assay. The results showed that all three extracts posed toxicity to all seven cancerous cell lines. PTC0729; (THC : CBD = 1 : 6), demonstrated significantly different toxicity and specificity to breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7), renal carcinoma (A-498) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) with IC50 values of 2.81 ± 0.85, 5.48 ± 0.27 and 7.65 ± 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. PTC0602; (THC : CBD = 10 : 1), showed specific toxicity against lung cancer cells (A-549), colon cancer cells (Caco-2), brain cancer cells (A-172) and pancreatic cancer (PANC-1) with IC50 values of 10.92 ± 1.05, 14.65 ± 2.05, 15.11 ± 2.52 and 19.19 ± 1.79 μg/mL, respectively. Whereas, PTC0601 (THC : CBD = 2 : 1) was cytotoxic but not specific to any cell lines. In conclusion, the three Thai cannabis extracts exhibited cytotoxicity towards several cancer cell lines and may have the potential to be developed as anti-cancer drugs.

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Published

30-09-2021

How to Cite

1.
Radapong S, Suppajariyawat P, Sahad T, Harnkit N, Phankhajon K, Primprai P, Chaisomboonpan S, Banyati P, Sincharoenpokai P, Ritchie KJ. Investigation of the Cytotoxicity of Thai Cannabis Extracts on Various Cancer Cell Lines. ว กรมวิทย พ [internet]. 2021 Sep. 30 [cited 2026 Mar. 15];63(3):456-6. available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/dmsc/article/view/252086

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