Tuberculosis and Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Detection at Mae Sot Hospital, Tak Province, 2017–2018
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Drug-resistant tuberculosis, Detection, Mae Sot HospitalAbstract
Tuberculosis (TB) along the Thai-Myanmar border is one of the problems of disease control in Thailand. This study described the detection of TB and drug-resistant TB at Mae Sot Hospital between October 2017 and June 2018. A total of 534 presumptive TB patients having clinical symptoms or chest X-rays compatible with TB were registered for TB diagnosis. Of these, 221 TB cases were detected by smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), culture and/or Xpert MTB/RIF methods. Among all TB patients, 65.16% were male, 30.77% were female and 4.07% were unspecifi ed; most of them (62.89%) were 15–60 years old and 17.65% were over 60; and about 36.65% were Thai nationals, while 57.01% were foreigners. Laboratory analyses showed AFB positivity in 183 sputum specimens (82.81%). Culture and Xpert MTB/RIF were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in 113 samples (51.13%) and 183 samples (82.81%), respectively. Among sputum samples negative for AFB, a total of 17 cases could be detected by Xpert MTB/RIF. As for all Xpert MTB/RIF positive samples, 17 were rifampicin (RIF) resistant. The common DNA mutations associated with RIF resistance were identifi ed in two loci of the rpoB gene. Thus, beside expediting the detection by using various rapid diagnostic methods, deploying other measures for TB control could help to decrease the transmission of the disease in this area.
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