Antibacterial Efficacy of 95% ethanolic extract of Piper betle Linn. Leaf Extract against Streptococcus mutans.

Abstract

This paper aimed to study the antibacterial efficacy and determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Piper betle Linn.leaf extract on Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175T (S.mutans).The experimental design was performed for antibacterial investigation. Piper betle Linn. leaf were extracted with 95%ethanol. A 2-fold serial dilution method was conducted to determine the MIC of Piper betle Linn. ethanolic extract. The Glycolytic pH drop assay was carried out to assess the acidproduction of S.mutans. The results indicated the inhibitory effect of Piper betle Linn. ethanolic extract against S.mutans. The MIC was 1.56 mg/mL. The inhibitory actions against S. mutans acidproduction depended on the concentrations of the extract used. The Piper betle Linn. ethanolic extract at the concentration 0.1 mg/mL showed the maximal effect against acid production in S.mutans with the initial rate of pH drop at 0.023 unit/min. This study suggested that the Piper betle Linn. ethanolic extract produced anti-bacterial and anti-cariogenic activities against S.mutans. This plant extract thus can potentially be developed as a product for the prevention of dental caries in the future.