Factors Relating to Post Discharge Persistence of Symptoms After Hospitalization Among Persons with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Keywords:
long COVID, patients with COVID-19, post discharge, related factorsAbstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] pandemic caused the large number of people to become infected with COVID-19, many of whom continue to have COVID symptoms long after they have been discharged from the hospital, referred to as “long-term COVID” or simply “long COVID”. However, there has not been a study of the factors related to long COVID in Thailand. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to study the factors that are related to and influence persisting symptoms of COVID in persons who were hospitalized with COVID-19 after being discharged from the hospital. Participants were 392 persons infected with COVID-19 who required hospitalization and had been discharged from the hospital for at least 3 months. They were systematically randomly recruited into the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire asking participants about the persistence of symptoms after having been discharged from the hospital after treatment for their COVID-19 infection. The questionnaire was developed by the researcher and validated by five experts who determined it had an item-objective congruence index between .60 and 1.0. Its reliability was calculated to be .99 calculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests and Odds Ratios (OR). The results revealed that age, occupation, preexisting medical conditions, and the severity of symptoms were statistically significantly (p < .05) related to long-term COVID symptoms. Factors statistically significantly influencing persisting symptoms after discharge from the hospital were being aged between 41 and 50 years old, being over 60 years of age, being a housewife, and having few symptoms. Being employed was a protecting factor against continuing post COVID symptoms. The results can be used to develop continuous care plan systems for patients after being discharged from hospitals and to plan for rehabilitation or urgent care to prevent long-term complications.
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