Self-Management Experiences of Hypertensive Patients with Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in the Community

Abstract

This qualitative phenomenological research aimed to explore the self-management experiences of hypertensive patients in a community who are unable to control their blood pressure levels. The study involved 15 participants with systolic blood pressure exceeding 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure exceeding 100 mmHg. Data were collected between June and August 2024 using semi-structured interviews based on Husserl’s phenomenological approach. The data were analyzed using Giorgi’s Method, and the study's credibility was ensured by following the guidelines of Lincoln and Guba. The research findings revealed the following three key themes regarding the self-management experiences of hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure in the community. 1. Self-related factors. This includes the patients' perceptions, feelings, beliefs, cultural influences, and behaviors that contribute to poor blood pressure control. Examples include consuming high-sodium foods, lack of exercise, forgetting to take medication, using substances that raise blood pressure, and adhering to inappropriate traditional beliefs. 2. Family and community support. This involves assistance from family members, such as children helping patients choose healthier food options. 3.Efficient and standardized healthcare services. This includes clear guidance from healthcare professionals and a healthcare system that is fast, accessible, and efficient. The findings provide insights for enhancing and developing proactive healthcare services to improve effectiveness and better meet the needs of patients.