The Correlation between Newborn Thyroid Stimulating Hormone with Maternal Urine Iodine Levels and the Assessment of Iodine Status in the Population during 2019
The Correlation between Newborn Thyruid Stimulating Hormone with Maternal Urine Iodine Levels
Keywords:
Iodine deficiency, Maternal urine iodine, Newborn thyroid stimulating hormoneAbstract
Iodine is a fundamental element for thyroid hormone synthesis, crucial for infant development and growth from prenatal stages. This study investigated the correlation between newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and maternal urine iodine (UI) concentrations in 2,471 maternal-child pairs across 25 provinces in Thailand in 2019 (B.E. 2562). Spearman's correlation analysis showed no significant relationship (r = -0.024, p-value = 0.233). The assessment of adequate iodine intake at the population level, as per WHO criteria (median urinary iodine, MUI ≥ 150 μg/L) and < 3% of newborns with TSH > 11.2 mU/L (5.0 mU/L in blood) was conducted. Among 4,395 pregnant women, MUI was 156.7 μg/L, suggesting sufficient iodine intake. However, 11.3% of newborns exhibited TSH levels > 11.2 mU/L, indicating iodine deficiency. Utilizing TSH levels for assessment might be inappropriate due to the timing of blood sample collection, mainly at 48−72 hours after birth when TSH levels are not normalized. Additionally, from 2023 onwards, congenital hypothyroidism screening for Thailand will be carried out by 10 laboratories using diverse technologies, reagent kits and TSH cutoff values to track babies. Therefore, relying on TSH levels from newborn hypothyroidism screening for regional iodine status assessment in Thailand is discouraged.
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