Factors Associated with Diabetic Nephropathy in type 2 Diabetic Patients at Phipun district, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

Abstract

This study was a cross-sectional analytical study. The objective was to study the factors associated with the occurrence of renal complications in patients with type 2 diabetes using secondary data from the hospital's hos.xp database. The sample consisted of 220 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with laboratory test results, including fasting blood sugar level, hemoglobin A1c, total triglycerides, High-Density Lipoprotein, and glomerular filtration rate. Descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, standard deviations, and medians, were employed to analyze the data. Associations between variables were assessed using Chi-square tests with the level of statistical significance set at p < .05

The results of the study found that: The majority of the sample group was female (70.9%), aged 60-69 years (29.5%), had a first-degree relative with diabetes (71.4%), had a BMI between 25.0-29.9 (37.7%), had had diabetes for 1-5 years (30.5%), did not receive injections (85.0%), had comorbidities (90.5%), had hypertension (78.2%), had a Creatinine score between 0.6-1.1 mg% (63.6%), had a GFR score above 90 (41.4%), had a HDL score between 40-60 mg/dL (64.1%), had a FBS score above 125 mg/dL (74.5%), had a HbA1C score above 6.4 (78.6%), and had a Urine protein score of 1+ (11.4%), and 32.7 percent of the participants had kidney complications. The analysis revealed that the factors that were significantly related to the occurrence of kidney complications in patients with type 2 diabetes at a statistical level of .05 were: duration of diabetes, receiving injectable drugs, creatinine level, GFR level, FBS level, HbA1C level, and urine protein level. Therefore, the secondary hospital should screen for creatinine level, GFR level, FBS level, HbA1C level, and urine protein level regularly, especially in diabetic patients with a diabetes duration of more than 10 years, as well as advising diabetic patients to control blood triglyceride and sugar levels to delay the occurrence of kidney complications.