Effect of inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme activities and antioxidation of Antidesma velutinosum Blume, Musa sapientum Linn and Morus alba Linn Extracts

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by insufficient or inefficient insulin secretion that is characterized by hyperglycemia. One of the therapeutic approaches for decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood is to inhibition of carbohydrate digesting enzymes isα-amylase, in the gastrointestinal tract. In this research, the aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and Inhibition of Alpha-Amylase Activities of makmao (Antidesma velutinosum Blume), banana blossom (Musa sapientum Linn.) and mulberry (Morus alba Linn.) extracts. Herbal traditional plants were extracted with 70% of ethanol for 24 hours and dried before the evaluation of anti-oxidant activity using the DPPH method, total phenolics content (TPC) using Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoids content (TFC) using Aluminum chloride method, and alpha-amylase enzyme using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) with acarbose as the standard inhibitor. The results showed that among three plant extracts had the effect of inhibiting the alpha-amylase enzyme in descending order: makmao, banana blossom and mulberry extracts respectively. The makmao extract had the effect to inhibit the alpha-amylase enzyme. best (%Inhibition = 49.25 ± 0.86 µg/mL), followed by banana blossom (%Inhibition = 42.72 ± 1.01 µg/mL) and mulberry (%Inhibition = 32.10 ± 0.12 µg/mL) compared to Acarbose (%Inhibition = 69.59 ± 0.13 µg/mL). Therefore, makmao extract is a local Thai herb that has the potential for further research and development as anti-diabetic herbal product in the future.