Prevalene of HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis Infections Among Blood Donors

Abstract

Introduction: Safe blood recruitment includes blood donor screening and effective infectious markers screening for donated blood.
Objective: 1) To study characteristic blood donation of National Blood Service branch, Sisaket hospital 2) to determine prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis c virus, and syphilis infection among blood donors as well as the factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis c virus, and syphilis infection in blood donors of Sisaket hospital in 2012.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of blood donor’s history during January to December 2012 was reviewed. All donors were screened for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis c virus and syphilis infections.
Results: During January to December 2012, total number of blood donors was 21,720. Ratio of female and male donors was similar male 58.70 % and females 41.30 %. 28.50% of donors were young donors aged between 17-20 years. More than half of donors were the first time donors 52.17%. Most of blood donations were unspecified donations 97.40%. The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV, HIV Ag) hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis c virus (anti-HCV), and syphilis (RPR) infection were 0.10%, 1.01%, 0.17% and 0.05%, respectively. Male donors had higher prevalence of all infectious markers than female with statistical significant of p<0.001. Considering by age interval revealed that donors aged between 21 - 30 years had highest prevalence of HBV and HIV infections 1.64% and 0.24% respectively. While the young donor group (aged 17 - 20 years) had the lowest prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis infections.
Conclusion: The result of this study revealed the basic information on the prevalence of the infected diseases among blood donors in Sisaket province. Therefore strategic planning and preventive health education for blood and sexual transmitted diseases prevention in the risk group of blood donors including school age children will benefit for safe blood donation and recruitment.
Keywords: hepatitis B, hepatitis c, HIV, syphilis, blood donors