การดูแลรักษาภาวะการเลื่อนตัวของทวารหนักผิดปกติ : บทความฟื้นฟูวิชาการ
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ต.ค. 30, 2018
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การเลื่อนตัวของทวารหนักผิดปกติมักพบ ในเด็กเล็กและผู้สูงอายุเป็นภาวะที่มีผลต่อคุณภาพ ชีวิตของผู้ป่วยมาก เช่น ทำให้กลั้นอุจจาระไม่อยู่ จึงมีความสำคัญทีจะต้องเรียนรู้วิธีการรักษาที่เหมาะสม ภาวะนึ้มีการกล่าวถึงตั้งแต่ 1,500 ปี ก่อนคริสตกาล โดย Eber papurus{1) จุดที่น่าสนใจ ของ Rectal prolapse คือ ปัญหาในการเลีอกวิธี การรักษาและวิธีการผ่าตัด ตลอดจนเทคนิคการ ผ่าตัด ทำให้ต้องส่งต่อไปรักษาที่โรงเรียนแพทย์ โดยไม่จำเป็น
บทความนี้ได้รวบรวมสาเหตุ ปัจจัยเสี่ยง และวิธีการรักษาการเลื่อนตัวของทวารหนักผิดปกติ จากตำราวิชาการและวารสารทางการแพทย์เพี่อ ประกอบการตัดสินใจในการรักษาและเพิ่มพูน ความรู้ทางวิชาการแก่แพทย์ ช่วยให้แพทย์สามารถ เลือกวิธีการรักษาการเลื่อนตัวของทวารหนักผิดปกติ ได้เหมาะสมกับผู้ป่วยในสถานการณ์ต่าง ๆ ใน บทความนี้จะกล่าวถึงการรักษาเฉพาะในผู้ใหญ่
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References
1. Corman ML. Rectal prolapse. In: Corman ML, editor. Colon and rectal surgery. 3,d ed. VoLl. JB Lippincott Co.; 1993:293-336.
2. Moschcowitz AV. The cure of prolapse of the rectum-the pathogenesis, anatomy, and cure of prolapse of the rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1912;15:7.
3. Broden B. Shellman B. Procidentia of the rectum studied with cineradiography; A contribution to the discussion of causative mechanism. Dis Colon Rectum 1968:11:330.
4. Jacobs LK, Lin YJ, Orkin BA. The best operation for rectal prolapse. Surgical clinics of North Americal. Feb 1997;77(1):49-70.
5. Gordon PH. Rectal procidentia. In: Gordon PR Nivatvongs S, editors. Principles and Practice of surgery for the colon, rectum, and anus. 2nd ed. VoL 1. Quality Medical Publishing Inc 1999:503 540.
6. Beahr OH, Theuerkauf FJ, Hill JR. Procedentia: Surgical treatment. Dis Colon Rectum 1972:15:337-46.
7. Nivatvongs S. Rectal prolaps. In: Greenfield LJ, Oldfram KT, editors. Surgery Scientific principles and practice. 2nd ed. Lippincott-Raven CO.; 1997:1190-2.
8. Cirocco WC, Brown AC. Anterior resection for the treatment of rectal prolapse: A 20-year experience. Am Surg 1993:59:265.
9. Hiltonen KM, Matikainen M, Auvinen O, et al. Clinical and manometric evaluation of anal sphincter function in patients with rectal prolapse. Am J Surg 1986:151:486.
10. Holmstrom B, Broden G, Dolle A. Results of the Ripstein operation in the treatment of rectal prolapse and internal rectal procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1986:29:845.
11. Johansson C, Thre T, Anroblack SO. Disturbances in the defecation mechanism with special reference to intussusception of the rectum (internal procedentia). Dis Colon Rectum 1985-28:920.
12. Mann CV, Hoffman C. Complete rectal prolapse : The anatomic and functional results of treatment by an extended abdominal rectopexy. Br J Surg 1988:75:34.
13. Gordon PH. Rectal procedentia. In: Gordon PH, Nivatvongs S, editors. Principle and practice of surgery for the colon rectum and anus. Quality Medical Publish;1992:449-81.
14. Lowry AC, Goldberg SM. Internal and overt rectal procedentia Gastroenterol Clinics. N Am 1987;16:47-70.
15. อรุณ โรจนรกุa. Rectal prolapse. In : ณรงค์ ไวทยางกูร. ทองดี ชัยพานิช เอาชัย กาญจนพิทักษ์, บรรณาธิการ. ศัลยวิวัฒน์ 13rd ed. Bandkok Medical Publisher;2538:118-136.
16.ไพศิษฎ์ ศิริวิทยากร. Operative treatment for rectal prolapse. In : วิบูล สัจกุล, สรรชัย กาญจนสาร, วัฒนา สุพรหมจักร, บรรณาธิการ. ศัลยวิวัฒน์ 17th ed. Bangkok Medical Publisher; 2542:423-447.
17. Cobum WM, Russell MA, Hofstetter WL. Sucrose as an aid to manual reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;30(3):347-9.
18. Briel JW, Schouten WR Boerma MO. Long term results of suture rectopexy in patients with fecal incontinence associated with incomplete rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1997:40(10):1228-32.
19. McKee RF, Lauder JC, Poon FW, et al. A prospective randomized study of abdominal rectopexy with and without sigmoidectomy in rectal prolapse. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1992; 174:145.
20. Novell JR, Osborne MJ, Winslet MC. Prospective randomized trial of Ivalon sponge versus sutured rectopexy for full thickness rectal prolapse. Br J Surg 1994:81:904.
21. Khanna AK, Misra MK, Kumar K. Simplified sutured sacral rectopexy for complete rectal prolapse in adults. Eur J Surg 1996;162(2):143-6.
22. Frykman HM. Abdominal proctopexy and primary sigmoid resection for rectal procedentia. Am J Surg 1955:90:780.
23. Ripstein CB, Lanter B. Etiology and surgical therapy of massive prolapse of the rectum. Ann Surg 1963:157:259.
24. Atkinson KG, Tayler DC. Well procedure for complete rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1984;27:96-8.
25. Nivatrong S, Fang DT. The use of thumbtacks to stop massive presacral hemorrhage. Dis Colon Rectum 1986:29:589.
26. Ross AH, Homson JPS. Management of infection after prosthetic abdominal rectopexy(Wells/ procedure). Br J Surg 1989;76:610-2.
27. Lowry AC, Goldberg SM. Internal and overt rectal procedentia Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1987;16:47-70
28. Baker R. Senagor AJ, Luchtefeld MA. Laparoscopic assist vs open resection. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:199-201.
29. Berman IR. Sutureless laparoscopic rectopexy for procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:689-93.
30. Stevenson AR, Stitz RW, Lumley JW. Laparoscopic assisted resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse; early and medium follow-up. Dis colon Rectum 1998;41(1):46-54.
31. Boccasanta P, Rosati R Venturi M, Montorsi M. Comparison of laparoscopic rectopexy with the open technique in the treatment of complete rectal prolapse clinical and functional result. Surg Laparosc Endosc. 1998;8(6):460-5.
32. Khanduja KS, hardy TG, Augilar PS, et al. A new silicone prothesis in the modified Thiersch operation. Dis Colon Rectum 1988;31:380-3.
33. Horn HR, Schoetz DJ, Coller JA, et al. Sphincter repair with a silastic sling for anal incontinence and rectal procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1985;28:868-72.
34. Chlig BE, Sullivan ES. The modified Dolorme operation : Its place in surgical treatment for massive rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1979:22:513.
35. Tobin SA, Scott IHK. Delormeoperation for rectal prolapse. Br J Surg 1994:81:1681.
36. Gabriel WB. The treatment of complete prolapse of the rectum by retosigmoidectomy (Auffret-Mikulicz-Miles procedure). Dis Colon Rectum 1958:1:241.
37. Altemeier WA, Culbertson WR, Schowengerot CS, Hunt J. Nineteen years experience with the one stage perineal repair of rectal prolapse. Ann Aurg 1971;173:993-1006.
38. Kim D-S, Tsang CB, Wong WD, et al. Complete rectal prolapse : evolution of management and results. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999; 42:460-469.
39. Hsu A, Brand MI, Saclarides TJ, Laparoscopic rectopexy without resection : a worthwhile treatment for rectal prolapse in patients without prior constipation Am Surg 2007;73(9):858-61.
40. Demirel AH, Orgoren AU, Kapan M. Sugar application in reduction of incarcerated prolapse rectum. Indian J Gastroenterol 2007;26(4):196-7.
41. Sarpel U,Jacob BP, Steinhagen RM. Reduction of a large incarcerated rectal prolapse by use of an elastic compression wrap. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48(6):1320 2.
42. Chaudhuri A. Hyaluronidase in the reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse: A novel use. Int J Colorectal Dis 1999;14(4-5):260.
43. Gupta PJ. Randomized controlled study: Radiofrequency coagulation and placation versus ligation and excercise technique for rectal mucosal prolapse. Am J Surg 2006;192(2):155-60.
44. Hachiro U, Kurimoto M, Abe T. Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid injection in the treatment of total rectal prolapsed : early outcome. Dis Colon Rectum 2007;50(11):1996-2000.
45. Heemskork J, de Hoong DE, Van Gemert WG. Robot-assisted vs. conventional laparoscopic rectopexy for rectal prolapse : a comparative study on cost and time. Dis Colon Rectum 2007;50(11):1825-30.
46. Cobum WM, Russul MA, Hofstetter WL. Sucrose as an aid to manual reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse. Ann Emerg Med 1997;30(3):347-9.
2. Moschcowitz AV. The cure of prolapse of the rectum-the pathogenesis, anatomy, and cure of prolapse of the rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1912;15:7.
3. Broden B. Shellman B. Procidentia of the rectum studied with cineradiography; A contribution to the discussion of causative mechanism. Dis Colon Rectum 1968:11:330.
4. Jacobs LK, Lin YJ, Orkin BA. The best operation for rectal prolapse. Surgical clinics of North Americal. Feb 1997;77(1):49-70.
5. Gordon PH. Rectal procidentia. In: Gordon PR Nivatvongs S, editors. Principles and Practice of surgery for the colon, rectum, and anus. 2nd ed. VoL 1. Quality Medical Publishing Inc 1999:503 540.
6. Beahr OH, Theuerkauf FJ, Hill JR. Procedentia: Surgical treatment. Dis Colon Rectum 1972:15:337-46.
7. Nivatvongs S. Rectal prolaps. In: Greenfield LJ, Oldfram KT, editors. Surgery Scientific principles and practice. 2nd ed. Lippincott-Raven CO.; 1997:1190-2.
8. Cirocco WC, Brown AC. Anterior resection for the treatment of rectal prolapse: A 20-year experience. Am Surg 1993:59:265.
9. Hiltonen KM, Matikainen M, Auvinen O, et al. Clinical and manometric evaluation of anal sphincter function in patients with rectal prolapse. Am J Surg 1986:151:486.
10. Holmstrom B, Broden G, Dolle A. Results of the Ripstein operation in the treatment of rectal prolapse and internal rectal procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1986:29:845.
11. Johansson C, Thre T, Anroblack SO. Disturbances in the defecation mechanism with special reference to intussusception of the rectum (internal procedentia). Dis Colon Rectum 1985-28:920.
12. Mann CV, Hoffman C. Complete rectal prolapse : The anatomic and functional results of treatment by an extended abdominal rectopexy. Br J Surg 1988:75:34.
13. Gordon PH. Rectal procedentia. In: Gordon PH, Nivatvongs S, editors. Principle and practice of surgery for the colon rectum and anus. Quality Medical Publish;1992:449-81.
14. Lowry AC, Goldberg SM. Internal and overt rectal procedentia Gastroenterol Clinics. N Am 1987;16:47-70.
15. อรุณ โรจนรกุa. Rectal prolapse. In : ณรงค์ ไวทยางกูร. ทองดี ชัยพานิช เอาชัย กาญจนพิทักษ์, บรรณาธิการ. ศัลยวิวัฒน์ 13rd ed. Bandkok Medical Publisher;2538:118-136.
16.ไพศิษฎ์ ศิริวิทยากร. Operative treatment for rectal prolapse. In : วิบูล สัจกุล, สรรชัย กาญจนสาร, วัฒนา สุพรหมจักร, บรรณาธิการ. ศัลยวิวัฒน์ 17th ed. Bangkok Medical Publisher; 2542:423-447.
17. Cobum WM, Russell MA, Hofstetter WL. Sucrose as an aid to manual reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse. Ann Emerg Med. 1997;30(3):347-9.
18. Briel JW, Schouten WR Boerma MO. Long term results of suture rectopexy in patients with fecal incontinence associated with incomplete rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1997:40(10):1228-32.
19. McKee RF, Lauder JC, Poon FW, et al. A prospective randomized study of abdominal rectopexy with and without sigmoidectomy in rectal prolapse. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1992; 174:145.
20. Novell JR, Osborne MJ, Winslet MC. Prospective randomized trial of Ivalon sponge versus sutured rectopexy for full thickness rectal prolapse. Br J Surg 1994:81:904.
21. Khanna AK, Misra MK, Kumar K. Simplified sutured sacral rectopexy for complete rectal prolapse in adults. Eur J Surg 1996;162(2):143-6.
22. Frykman HM. Abdominal proctopexy and primary sigmoid resection for rectal procedentia. Am J Surg 1955:90:780.
23. Ripstein CB, Lanter B. Etiology and surgical therapy of massive prolapse of the rectum. Ann Surg 1963:157:259.
24. Atkinson KG, Tayler DC. Well procedure for complete rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1984;27:96-8.
25. Nivatrong S, Fang DT. The use of thumbtacks to stop massive presacral hemorrhage. Dis Colon Rectum 1986:29:589.
26. Ross AH, Homson JPS. Management of infection after prosthetic abdominal rectopexy(Wells/ procedure). Br J Surg 1989;76:610-2.
27. Lowry AC, Goldberg SM. Internal and overt rectal procedentia Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1987;16:47-70
28. Baker R. Senagor AJ, Luchtefeld MA. Laparoscopic assist vs open resection. Dis Colon Rectum 1995;38:199-201.
29. Berman IR. Sutureless laparoscopic rectopexy for procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:689-93.
30. Stevenson AR, Stitz RW, Lumley JW. Laparoscopic assisted resection rectopexy for rectal prolapse; early and medium follow-up. Dis colon Rectum 1998;41(1):46-54.
31. Boccasanta P, Rosati R Venturi M, Montorsi M. Comparison of laparoscopic rectopexy with the open technique in the treatment of complete rectal prolapse clinical and functional result. Surg Laparosc Endosc. 1998;8(6):460-5.
32. Khanduja KS, hardy TG, Augilar PS, et al. A new silicone prothesis in the modified Thiersch operation. Dis Colon Rectum 1988;31:380-3.
33. Horn HR, Schoetz DJ, Coller JA, et al. Sphincter repair with a silastic sling for anal incontinence and rectal procedentia. Dis Colon Rectum 1985;28:868-72.
34. Chlig BE, Sullivan ES. The modified Dolorme operation : Its place in surgical treatment for massive rectal prolapse. Dis Colon Rectum 1979:22:513.
35. Tobin SA, Scott IHK. Delormeoperation for rectal prolapse. Br J Surg 1994:81:1681.
36. Gabriel WB. The treatment of complete prolapse of the rectum by retosigmoidectomy (Auffret-Mikulicz-Miles procedure). Dis Colon Rectum 1958:1:241.
37. Altemeier WA, Culbertson WR, Schowengerot CS, Hunt J. Nineteen years experience with the one stage perineal repair of rectal prolapse. Ann Aurg 1971;173:993-1006.
38. Kim D-S, Tsang CB, Wong WD, et al. Complete rectal prolapse : evolution of management and results. Dis Colon Rectum. 1999; 42:460-469.
39. Hsu A, Brand MI, Saclarides TJ, Laparoscopic rectopexy without resection : a worthwhile treatment for rectal prolapse in patients without prior constipation Am Surg 2007;73(9):858-61.
40. Demirel AH, Orgoren AU, Kapan M. Sugar application in reduction of incarcerated prolapse rectum. Indian J Gastroenterol 2007;26(4):196-7.
41. Sarpel U,Jacob BP, Steinhagen RM. Reduction of a large incarcerated rectal prolapse by use of an elastic compression wrap. Dis Colon Rectum 2005;48(6):1320 2.
42. Chaudhuri A. Hyaluronidase in the reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse: A novel use. Int J Colorectal Dis 1999;14(4-5):260.
43. Gupta PJ. Randomized controlled study: Radiofrequency coagulation and placation versus ligation and excercise technique for rectal mucosal prolapse. Am J Surg 2006;192(2):155-60.
44. Hachiro U, Kurimoto M, Abe T. Aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid injection in the treatment of total rectal prolapsed : early outcome. Dis Colon Rectum 2007;50(11):1996-2000.
45. Heemskork J, de Hoong DE, Van Gemert WG. Robot-assisted vs. conventional laparoscopic rectopexy for rectal prolapse : a comparative study on cost and time. Dis Colon Rectum 2007;50(11):1825-30.
46. Cobum WM, Russul MA, Hofstetter WL. Sucrose as an aid to manual reduction of incarcerated rectal prolapse. Ann Emerg Med 1997;30(3):347-9.