Prevalence and Predictors of Glaucoma Blindness among Glaucoma Patients at Phanat nikhom Hospital, Chonburi Province
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Abstract
Background: Glaucoma is one of the major problematic ocular diseases worldwide. It is the second-leading cause of blindness after cataracts and the most irreversible type of blindness. At present, the prevalence of glaucoma blindness is varied.
Objective: To determine the prevalence, demographics and clinical characteristics of blindness among glaucoma patients at Phanatnikhom Hospital. In addition, this study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with blindness caused by glaucoma.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was performed using a sample of glaucoma patients who received ophthalmic examinations from the ophthalmic outpatient department at Phanatnikhom Hospital between October 1st 2017 and September 30th 2022. Data recorded included gender, age, initial intraocular pressure, duration of treatment, type of glaucoma, type of treatment and underlying diseases. The study was analyzed by SPSS for percentage, frequency of glaucoma patients. Data analysis was achieved using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and Multiple logistic regression with statistical significance at 0.05.
Results: One-thousand and thirty one glaucoma patients were included to this study. The prevalence of glaucomatous blindness was 21%, which comprised 114 males (52.5%) and 103 females (47.5%) The prevalence of glaucomatous blindness was found to increase with age, with the highest prevalence (33.7%) among those in the age range between 71-80 years old. Open-angle glaucoma was the most common form of glaucomatous blindness (n=121, 55.8). Glaucomatous blindness was significantly associated with age, type of glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia (P<0.05)
Conclusion: In the current study, the prevalence of glaucomatous blindness was 21% among glaucoma patients. Prevalence showed increases with age. Open-angle glaucoma was the most common form of glaucomatous blindness, while age, type of glaucoma, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were the risk factors for development of glaucomatous blindness. Healthcare policymakers should implement an early screening program
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