Correlation between dementia and geriatric syndromes of older people in geriatric clinic in Ratchaphiphat Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: This research aimed at studying the relationship between dementia and geriatric syndromes of older people in geriatric clinic in Ratchaphiphat Hospital.
Materials and Methods: This research is an observational study by studying from medical records of older people individuals over the age of 60 who underwent geriatric syndromes screenings at geriatric clinic, Ratchaphiphat Hospital. The sample size consisted of 160 participants during april 2024. The research assessment tools used included various tools: the FRAIL scale for frailty screening, the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA index), cognitive performance assessments (Mini-Cog and Thai Mental Status Examination or TMSE), the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), urinary incontinence evaluation, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and depression screening tools (Patient Health Questionnaire-2; PHQ-2 และ Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests.
Result: The results showed that the average age of the 160 participants was 78.06 years (SD = 8.3),with 63.1% female. Nearly half (49.4%) were in the 80-89 age range and 53.8% were married. Among the prevalent geriatric syndromes identified, the two most common were dementia (23.1%) and frailty (11.3%). The study revealed a significant association between frailty and dementia; elderly individuals with frailty were 30.4 times more likely to develop dementia compared to those who were robust. Additionally, an increase in the Charlson comorbidity index was associated with dementia, as seen when comparing those with dementia (average = 2.3, SD = 1.58) to those without (average = 1.48, SD = 1.86) (p<0.01). Reduced activities of daily living were also significantly associated with dementia (average = 14.86, SD = 5.99 for those with dementia, compared to 18.00, SD = 3.62 for those without, p<0.01).
Conclusion: The statistically significant relationship between dementia and frailty in older people attending the geriatric clinic at Ratchaphiphat Hospital, revealed that 23.1% of older people had dementia, while 11.3% were identified as frail. Statistical analysis showed that frail older people were 30.4 times more likely to develop dementia compared to the robust group. Additionally, older people classified as pre-frail were found to have a 14.2 times higher risk of developing dementia.
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