Correlation and Clinical Significance of Low Birth Weight Infant and Maternal Anemia at Surin Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: To examine the correlation between low birth weight infant and maternal anemia and other perinatal outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective 6,171 pregnant women was studied from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surin Hospital, Thailand. The study group consisted of 1,336 anemie pregnant women (hematocrit less than 33% in first antenatal care was gave birth at Surin Hospital) and the control group consisted of 4,835 non-anemie pregnant women (hematocrit 33% in first ANC were gave birth at Surin Hospital). Demographic and perinatal outcomes (included low birth weight at delivery, preterm delivery, Apgar score at 1 and 5 min, mode of delivery, and hospitalization) were collected and compared between the study and control groups. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and presented as mean ± SD and percentage. Statistical significance was using the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test for differences in qualitative variables and the Multivariate analysis for differences in continuous variables. 95% confidence interval (Cl) were computed p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The anemic pregnant women tended to be younger, lower body weight, late first antenatal care visit and have newborn large for gestational age. There was no correlation between maternal anemic status with low birth weight (9.4%, 11.1%; p = 0.245) and birth asphyxia (3.3%, 3.7%; p = 0.53) when compared with the control group. The anemic group had more sick newborn and fetal dead but the cesarean section, vacuum delivery and breech assisted delivery rate was lower than the control group (P<0.01).
Conclusions: No correlation was found between maternal anemia with low birth weight infant and birth asphyxia. Operative and assisted deliveries tended to be lower in the anemic pregnant
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References
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