Survival and Perinatal Risks of Death of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in Surin Hospital
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Abstract
Background: Survival of low birth weight preterm infants has increased since the improvement of advance neonatal intensive care and management. These infants demand on high technology health care and this care consumes a large amount of resources. The very low birth weight infants (VLBW) have higher mortality and morbidity than normal newborns and more likely to suffer some types of long term handicap.The informations obtained will be useful in developing the standard care in these patients.
Objective: To determine the survivals and perinatal risks of death among VLBW infants in Surin Hospital.
Study design: Retrospective analytical study
Method: Data were collected from medical charts of all neonates with a birth weight of less than 1500 grams, who were admitted in Surin Hospital between October 1st, 2008 and September 30th, 2010. Antenatal history, perinatal data and neonatal outcome until hospital discharge were extracted and analyzed.
Results: A total of 157 VLBW infants were analyzed. Survival rate of very-low-birth- weight (VLBW) infants and extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants were 66.2% and 36.4% respectively. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the major cause of death(58.5%), Sepsis(20.8%), Pneumonia(9.4%), Immaturity (5.7%), Severe birth asphyxia(3.8%) and Congestive heart failure(1.9%). Perinatal risk factors of mortality were birth weight <1,000 g (p = 0.000), Gestational age 28 weeks (p=0.000), APGAR score at 1 minute <5(p=0.008), APGAR score at 5 minute <5(p=0.003), first temperature at NICU<36.5°c (p=0.023), and needed endotracheal intubation in the delivery room (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Overall survival rate among VLBW infants in this study is comparable to the other reports in Thailand but remains low as compared to the studies from developed countries. Perinatal risk factors of mortality were birth weight<1,000 g, Gestational age 28 weeks, APGAR score at 1 and 5 minute <5, first temperature at NICU<36.5°c and needed endotracheal intubation in the delivery room.
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References
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